By Alexandra M. Columbus
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Extra resources for Advances in Psychology Research. Volume 72
Sample text
He finds the focus on symbols, images67 and consciousness too narrow, hinting instead at sensations and 66 67 For an introspective example of what Einstein means with this expression, see Mautner later. This view is very similar to Mach‘s view on the relation between images and concepts and the relation between concepts in mathematics and in physics (Mach 1900). ―The concept is enigmatic for the reason that on the one hand it appears in a logical aspect as the most definite of psychical constructs; while on the other hand, in a psychological aspect, when we seek for its real visualisable contents, we discover a very hazy picture only.
William James‘ description of mistaking ―knowledge of‖ and ―knowledge about‖ and the differentiation of ―true‖ and ―apparent‖ have their psychological origins here. ―We must suppose that the change in the point of view from which the system of the world is regarded which was initiated by Copernicus, left deep traces in the thought of Galileo and Newton. But while Galileo, in his theory of the tides, quite naively chose the sphere of the fixed stars as the basis of a new system of co-ordinates, we see doubts expressed by Newton as to whether a given fixed star is at rest only apparently or really (Principia, 1687, p.
Mautner, cited in Thiele 1978, p. 158) In the example of Mautner (as Einstein had noted, there are many more similar examples, especially concerning Mach‘s epistemological influence) one can see that further to Poincaré‘s and Hadamard‘s examples, unconscious influences in science can last over long time, especially regarding ideas, which are acquired during youth. This process often concerns the initial formation of very general gestalt patterns, which we can describe in the sense of Mach as world views.